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Building An Argument
Instructions
(30 points)
Purpose:
Remember, your final project is a letter of appeal asking
someone of influence to advocate change on a particular marine issue.
Therefore, to successfully persuade someone the need for change, you must make
strong claims about your issue and have scientific (peer-reviewed) data to
support them. This exercise is meant for you to really get into the literature
and find those scientific studies (DATA) that support your position on the
issue.
Assignment:
Generate six
annotated bibliographies (in scientific APA-style format), of which two of them must be from scholarly source (aka, scientific, peer-reviewed journal articles).
An annotated bibliography is a list of citations to
books, articles, and documents. Each citation is followed by a brief (usually
about 150 words) descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation. The
purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy,
and quality of the sources cited. Click here to see examples
Requirements:
•
Annotated bibliographies must contain information that is pertinent to
your argument
•
Use of LSC- virtual library / Oceanography Research Guide
•
No blogs! (no opinion-based websites)
•
References are given using the scientific citing format (APA-style)
APA-Style Formatting Examples:
(Webpage) NOAA
Chesapeake Bay Office, Oysters. (2018, June 1). Retrieved from https://chesapeakebay.noaa.gov/fish-facts/oysters
|
(Journal
Article)
|
Volstad, J. H., Dew, J., &
Tarnowski, M. (2008). Estimation of
annual mortality rates for eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) in Chesapeake Bay based on box counts
and application of those rates to project population growth of C. virginica
and C. ariakensis. Journal of Shellfish Research, 27(3), 525+. |
|
(News Article) |
Fears, D. (2015, September 25).
Scientists say Maryland's gigantic man- |
|
|
made oyster reef could save
Chesapeake Bay. Washington Post. |
If you
need help with APA-style formatting or finding information, contact our
librarian:
Ms. Betty Rugh! (betty.h.rugh@lonestar.edu)
Oceanography Annotated Bibliography: Ocean Acidification
Student's Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course
Professor’s
Name
Date
Doney, S. C. (2006). The dangers of
ocean acidification. Scientific American, 294(3), 58-65.
“The dangers of ocean acidification” is a
journal article written by Scott Doney to explore the repercussions that loom
when we continue to make our oceans more acidic. The article raises the concern
that the levels of ocean carbon dioxide are increasing steadily, and there is
the need to act before it rises the threat to our marine life. The article also
warns that within a century from today, there would be no shell animals in the
oceans since carbon dioxide deposited in the oceans is lowering the Ph value of
the ocean water, making it hostile for shell sea creatures like crabs and
lobsters. The corals provide the habitats for most sea creatures. When these
habitats are made hostile, these sea creatures would be subject to extinction.
The article, in a low tone, stresses the threat of the disruption of the food
chain and consequently the threat to food supply to humans.
Herr,
D., Isensee, K., Harrould-Kolieb, E., & Turley, C. (2014). Ocean
acidification: International policy and governance options. IUCN,
Gland, Switzerland.
This article points out that many people are
silent about the danger that is looming with increased ocean acidification and
stresses this silence will become loud echoes when the threats of oceans
acidification become real. The authors blame the rise in ocean acidification
for the continuous use of fossils energy which causes emissions to the
atmosphere and falls in the form of precipitation to the oceans. They
acknowledge that the current changes in climate can be blamed on the
acidification of oceans, among other causes. The paper proposes that now is the
right time to ensure that we have adopted immediate measures like having
government policies to control the use of fossil energy. Fossil energy is
easily replaceable by the use of green energy and the use of electric cars,
which cuts the cost of driving and reduces carbon dioxide emissions to the
atmosphere. The article recommends the creation of national inter-agency
working groups on ocean acidification.
Riebesell,
U., Fabry, V. J., Hansson, L., & Gattuso, J. P. (2011). Guide to best
practices for ocean acidification research and data reporting. Office for
Official Publications of the European Communities.
This article affirms that ocean acidification is an undisputed fact. The article points out that as of 2011, the ocean was taking 25 per cent of the world's carbon dioxide emitted to the atmosphere from the activities of humans. The article gives an idea of the process of the formation of acid waters in the ocean from the fall of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The authors say that according to their understanding of the probable effects of ocean acidification is a concern for both the ecosystems and the...
