Lab VII Chapter 19 (55 points) Instructions ·      Read the information provided and answer the following questions in this document. ·      All your answers should be submitted in red. The lab is due Sunday, October 25th, at 11:59 pm, in the dropbox folder “Lab 7”, in pdf format.  ·      The grading of all your answers will be based on how much detail you provide. This does not mean length. Go in depth and use the appropriate punctuation. ·      Do not use the expressions “I think”, or “I believe”. Base your answers on the information you learned from your textbook. ·      Do not paraphrase the textbook, use your own words to provide value to the answer. ·      Add a reference page for your sources. ·      Always read all the instructions carefully. ·      Grading: the questions are worth 52 points, and 3 points are earned by following the instructions provided above. Chapter 19: Ecosystem Essentials Section 19.1: Ecosystem Essential Core Concepts   1-Explain the concepts of food web and food chain. (2 points)   2-Define ecological niche. (2 points)   3-Discuss competitive exclusion principle and species interactions: mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism. Include the role of algae in ecosystems. (5 points)   Section 19.2: Invasive Species “When a new or “exotic” species is introduced in an ecosystem, either intentionally or accidentally, it often dies off quickly in its new surroundings because it does not have an ecological niche that will permit its survival.  Species that survive and become a part of the ecosystem are called non-native species.  A non-native species is referred to as an invasive species if it disrupts the ecosystem by developing a broad geographical range and occupying a biological niche.  As an invasive species invades habitats, it can negatively impact or even eliminate one or more native species.  In some cases, invasive species remain uncontrolled by predators, because they are not a familiar prey to the predator.  Invasive species are most common in ecosystems where the biotic and abiotic factors are not particularly limiting and where species from other regions enter and leave an area easily.  The U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coast is one location where invasive species have been particularly troublesome.” (Source: Reynolds et al.  Exploring Physical Geography.)    Instructions   Ø  Use the following link to learn more about invasive species and answer the following questions.    Questions 4-In your words, provide a definition for Invasive Species. (2 points)   5-How does an invasive species differ from a non-native species? (2 points)   Section 19.3: Invasive Species in General    6-What qualities do invasive species possess that allow them to diffuse so prolifically? (2 points)   7-How do invasive species impact food webs? (2 points)   8-What are the potential impacts that invasive species can have on an ecosystem? (2 points)   9-How has globalization contributed to the spread of invasive species? (3 points)   Section 19.4: Asian Carp    Ø  Use the following links to learn more about Asian Carp species and answer the following questions: o   Asian Carp o   Asian Carp Timeline   10-When did Asian Carp first reach South Dakota? (2 points)   11-How did Asian Carp come to the United States?  Explain how Asian Carp have managed to spread throughout the waterways of much of the country. (3 points)   12-What are the concerns with Asian Carp entering the Great Lakes? (2 points)   13-What are the attributes of Asian Carp that make them so difficult to contain? (2 points)   Section 19.5: Invasive Mussels    Ø  Use these links provided to learn about Zebra and Quagga mussels and answer the following questions: o   Zebra and Quagga Mussels o   Zebra and Quagga Mussels - Invasive Species Center California o   Zebra and Quagga Mussels: Center for Invasive Species Research o   News Article: Invasive mussels clear the water and coat the wrecks at Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary   14-As time progresses in the map, it looks as if the population of invasive mussels explodes in many areas, how is that possible? (2 points)   15-Clean, clear water is visually pleasing, what is the problem with having clear water in lakes? (2 points)   16-When did invasive mussels first reach South Dakota? (2 points)   17-Why is it important to clean a boat before taking it from one lake to another? (2 points)    Section 19.7: Critical Thinking    18-Aside from both being invasive species, what things do invasive carp and mussels have in common? (1 point)   19-Your book indicates that the Gulf Coast is an area that is currently inundated with invasive species. How will climate change affect the distribution of the invasive species present in the Gulf Coast? (3 points)   20-Compare and contrast the distribution and spread of the Asian carp and zebra and quagga mussels. What are the similarities and differences?  (3 points)   ·      Asian Carp Distribution ·      Invasive Mussels Distribution   21-Aside from traveling by water, what other ways can invasive species become established in a new area? (2 points)   Section 19.8: Animal Migration and Climate Change   22-With the help of this short video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFmovUAWQUQ, and the information on your book, explain how tolerance limits and species range are affected by global rising temperatures. Include the case of the Pika (Chapter 19) (4 points) ·      More information: American Pika