The running of processes and threads often cause problems with issues of "Mutual Exclusion and Synchronization" and "Deadlock and Starvation". Once we leave the world of single DOS based processes these become significant issues that programmers typically need to address before the user encounters them. Discuss how an operating system manages "Mutual Exclusion and Synchronization", how they are instantiated and might be overcome along with the respective advantages and disadvantages. Do not discuss MS Windows OS. Instead you may choose from Linux, UNIX, ROS, z/OS, or VM.