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ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Use of Predictive Policing in
Managing Crimes in Major Cities in the United States
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Brantingham,
P. J. (2017). The logic of data bias and its impact on place-based predictive
policing. Ohio St. J. Crim. L., 15, 473. https://kb.osu.edu/bitstream/handle/1811/85819/1/OSJCL_V15N2_473.pdf
In this article,
Brantingham reviews the impacts of the logic data bias has on place-based
policing. The author used a simulation experiment to map how implicit biases
can affect police data and percolate through algorithmic predictive policing
initiatives. The study's prime focus was the different biases that might occur
when gathering predictive policing data and their impacts on the entire
process. The article is helpful in my research, as Brantingham argues that
various biases such as upgrading and downgrading affect predictive policing
exercise and final results. The prime limitation of this study is that it is
not realistic because it focused on random simulation uniform downgrading
upgrading of crimes, making it unrealistic. Hence, the author advocates for a
future study to look into a more complex bias mechanism. This text will form
the basis of my research, but it will be helpful supplementary information for
my research on using predictive poling in managing crime in major cities in the
U.S.
Brantingham,
P. J., Valasik, M., & Mohler, G. O. (2018). Does predictive policing lead
to biased arrests? Results from a randomized controlled trial. Statistics
and public policy, 5(1), 1-6. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/2330443X.2018.1438940
In this research,
Brantingham et al. seek to determine whether predictive policing can result in biased
arrests. The authors used the randomized controlled trial to collect data from
several national organizations such as NAACP and ACLU to determine whether
predictive policing encourages directed police control to minority groups due
to description. This article is helpful in my study as Brantingham et al.
argued that there is a direct correlation between predictive and arrest of
innocent members of minority communities based on discrimination. The major
limitation of this study it did not provide whether arrests are systematically
biased. According to the authors, further empirical scrutiny is needed to guard
against bias in predictive policing. This article will form the basis of my
research on the use of predictive policing in managing crime in major cities in
the US.
Ferguson, A. G. (2016). Policing predictive policing. Wash.
U.L. Rev., 94, 1109. Ferguson, A. G. (2016). Policing
predictive policing. Wash. U.L. Rev., 94, 1109. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6306&context=law_lawreview
Ferguson reviews the
evolution of predictive policing in managing crime in this research work. The
author used data obtained through a survey in major cities in the U.S to
identify the development of predictive policing since it was implemented for
the first time. This article is helpful in my research since the author
maintains that major US cities such as New York, Carolina, and Florida have
installed new predictive software to counter property and theft crimes. This
article will not Form my fundamental research; however, it will be helpful
supplementary information for my research on using predictive policing to
manage crime in major cities in the United States of America.
Gandy Jr, O. H....